Parental Power And Adult Authority - 1473 Words

â€Å"Control reflects the center of power or the source of decision making in the relationship and has a continuum that ranges from parental to child control. Types of parental power indicate the methods parents use to exert their influence on the child† (Vargas, Busch-Rossnagel, Montero-Sieburth, and Villarruel, 2000). However, a recent study found that Hispanic children who are between the ages of four and six often struggle with depression, anxiety, and somatization due to common parenting styles within Hispanic culture (Cohen, 2015). Hispanic parents tend to control by teaching their children to be obedient and show absolute respect for adult authority. They also control their children by clear rules, high standards, strict†¦show more content†¦Baptism and Confirmations are major religious celebrations for Hispanic families that contribute the main part of the Hispanic culture and traditions. In fact, there are many Hispanic children are still baptized as Cat holics (Social Issues Reference, 2010). Hispanic families have strong and supportive family relationships and genuine parenting practice. Most studies found that family cohesion helps to maintain adolescent’s behaviors, decrease negative outcomes, and promote psychological well-being. â€Å"For example, family cohesion has been found to decrease the risk of conduct problems and rule breaking among Mexican-origin adolescents† (Marsiglia, Parsai, Kulis, 2009). Typically, Hispanic adolescents who associate with higher levels of family cohesion reduce the rate of consuming alcohol and illicit drug as well as depress symptoms. In fact, the higher level of family cohesion may decrease family problems such as parent-adolescent conflict and improve family’s well-being. Another study found that Hispanic adolescents who associate with lower and higher levels family cohesion were great risk for alcohol use because high cohesion might be caused controlling rather that s upportive (Lee Warner, 2015). Moreover, many studies found that Hispanic adolescents in immigrant families have more parent-adolescentsShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Education In Education744 Words   |  3 PagesIn a democratic education system, there is a balance of authority between the state, the parents, the individual, and the educators. While each group has their own claim to power over the education of children, there is still the question of who should have the most. This question often comes down to the state or the parents because they are the most complicated and influential. The primary goal of democratic education is to equip children with the knowledge and moral character needed to find successRead MoreSummary Of Childhood From The Novel Keywords For Children s Literature1571 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Childhood† from the novel Keywords for Children’s Literature, she explains how the attitudes and atmosphere surrounding childhood have vastly c hanged throughout history to yield the general, modern conception of childhood. Children have been deemed adults in the Middle Ages and childhood has been a vaguely regarded concept. However, as society has become more progressive and developed, an interest in distinguishing the young from the older individuals has evolved. Childhood has become regarded as anRead MoreThe Issue Of The Medical Treatment1549 Words   |  7 Pagesstate may order medical treatment against the parents’ autonomy. Between 2007 and 2011 more than 350,000 children and their parents had their legal relationships severed through a termination of parental rights proceedings based either on a parent not participating in services or on a lack of change in parental behavior (Halloran, p. 53, 59-60). Furthermore, â€Å"in 2010 it was found that nearly 40 percent of children who had been removed from their homes – more than 85,000 children that year – were laterRead MoreGive Examples of/Describe Current Legislation, Guidelines; Policies and Procedures Within Own Uk Home Nation Affecting the Safeguarding of Children and Young People.1027 Words   |  5 Pagesseveral new key principles that included: †¢ The concept of Parental Responsibility; †¢ The ability for unmarried parents to share the responsibility of caring for the child by agreement with the other parent (predominantly the father getting agreement from the mother), though joint registration at birth and a court order; †¢ The local authority to provide support and services to the children and their families; †¢ The local authority to return a looked after child to their family unless it is againstRead MoreParenting Styles and Their Effects on Children1545 Words   |  7 Pagesauthoritarian style of parenting originated in the Pre Second World War Era. This method was developed by behaviorist, John Watson. Children were viewed in a strict, robotic, unfeeling manner, due to the harsh times of this era. Adults expected the children to be molded into adults early on in their lives and be useful to society through stern tactics. This form of parenting developed due to the high demands in this period of time. The children were strictly taught manners and obedience. The relationshipRead MoreCurrent NI legislation, guidance for safeguarding children (CYP3.3 AC1.1)1140 Words   |  5 Pagespiece of legislation that marked a major shift in the way children were dealt with by courts and social services. Parental responsibility was central to the Children Order and it reasserted the significance of children’s welfare as the paramount consideration in disputes concerning their upbringing. It gave courts wide-ranging and flexible powers to regulate the exercise of parental responsibility and introduced procedural and jurisdictional changes. It established a wholly new basis for compulsoryRead MoreMinor s Rights Of Health Care936 Words   |  4 Pagesterminate or continue with Mike’s chemotherapy. The situation described above is an ethical dilemma due to the conflicting principles (Burkhardt Nathaniel, 2008). If the nurse refuses to give Mike the chemotherapy, he or she is violating the legal power parents have to give informed medical consent for their children. However, if the nurse gives the chemotherapy they lose the trusting relationship between nurse and patient. The purpose of this paper is to explore the ethical principles and legal issuesRead MoreThree Categories of Discipline Essays1023 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscipline is extremely diverse in nature. These various forms of discipline can be classified into three larger categories: power-assertion, love withdrawal, and induction. The most controversial and publicized of these categories is power-assertion. Described initially almost forty year ago, power-assertion is defined as the discipline methods that assert parental power. This form of discipline uses control and manipulation, manifesting in many different forms. Though most commonly associatedRead MoreAdolescent Relationships with Parents and Peers Essay examples1380 Words   |  6 Pagesskills mediated the effects of some parental practices, such as responsiveness, autonomy, cohesion, as well as parental attachment on the degree of peer activity, the attachment to peers and perceived social support from peers to some extent. Nonetheless, direct parental influence on peer relations remained apparent after controlling for the effects of social skills. The overall picture is that social skills of adolescents as well as parenting factors, parental attachment and family climate are associatedRead MoreThe Effects of Unconventional Guardians on the B ehavior of Adolescents900 Words   |  4 Pagesspectrum are important to address because many adults don’t recognize the long-term effects of a marriage. Some people talk down about gay marriage being detrimental to the health of children, and yet a leading factor in adolescent delinquents rests in divorce, which predominantly exists in heterosexual marriages. Parental Divorce For any child, parental divorce can be an extremely traumatic event. In young, egocentric preschoolers, they might view parental conflict and eventual divorce as something

Policy Analysis Paper copy - 1430 Words

Executive Summary In recent years, our nation has seen an increased number of transgender students demanding to be included in activities and facilities they have been excluded from in the past. This has introduced a growing number of events that contradict the norms and labels our society has in place regarding gender and sex roles. The very definition of what it means to be female or male is being challenged by this small portion of the population. In their fight for gender autonomy and gender equality in the education field, they have made great strides to be acknowledged and treated as the gender they identify with; instead of the gender that our society’s norms place on them because of their birth certificate sex. In several†¦show more content†¦Fast forward to present day and we see transgender students are claiming gender stereotyping based on their gender expression is causing discrimination against them because they are non-conforming to gender identities . Within the United States alone, the transgender community makes up a whopping 2% of our LGTB population, which makes them a minority of the LGTB community. According to Jacob (2013), over 87% of transgender students claim to be verbally harassed and 53% say they have been physically harassed. A 2007 study showed a bully will target transgender students 66% more than they target a student who has conforming gender identity (Transgender Issues). Johnson (2010) writes the Education Department warned schools about being legally liable, after an influx of teens committing suicide for having non-conforming gender identities. The schools were informed that Title IX covers equal treatment for boys and girls in school programs that are federally funded and insisted schools begin to implement anti-non gender conforming bullying at a local level (Johnson 2010). With those statistics, it is supported that majority of transgender students are at risk to some type of discrimination on a da ily basis in our schools. Policy Description In regards to my paper and how Title IX is expected to work in favor of transgender students, it will be used to enforce the de-segregation of transgendered students in the schools. It will allow for transgenderedShow MoreRelatedComm 215 Syllabus Essay1466 Words   |  6 Pagesand a case study analysis, and learning teams will prepare an applied research paper. The course offers exercises for review of the elements of grammar, mechanics, style, citation, and proper documentation. 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Coca-Cola Management Strategy Free Essays

string(113) " trademark immediately signal that they are committed to serving the most preferred soft drinks in the industry\." Assessment 1 Case Study Report of Coca Cola Company Hang LU S81293 Executive Summary The Coca-Cola Company (NYSE:  KO) is the world’s largest beverage company, largest manufacturer, distributor and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups in the world and is one of the largest corporations in the United States. The company is best known for its flagship product Coca-Cola, invented by pharmacist John Stith Pemberton in 1886. The Coca-Cola formula and brand was bought in 1889 by Asa Candler who incorporated The Coca-Cola Company in 1892. We will write a custom essay sample on Coca-Cola Management Strategy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Besides its namesake Coca-Cola beverage, Coca-Cola currently offers nearly 400 brands in over 200 countries or territories and serves 1. 6 billion servings each day. [4] The company operates a franchised distribution system dating from 1889 where The Coca-Cola Company only produces syrup concentrate which is then sold to various bottlers throughout the world who hold an exclusive territory. The Coca-Cola Company is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Its stock is listed on the NYSE and is part of DJIA and S 500. Its current chairman and CEO is Muhtar Kent. CONTENTS Introduction Company Background Mission and Vision Goals The Competitive Advantage of Coca-Cola Brands Five Forces Analysis Intensity of the Competitive Forces Generic Business Strategy Conclusion Introduction Coca-Cola has sold more than one billion servings every day. More than 10,450 beverages are consumed every second. It is present on all seven continents and is recognized by 94% of the world population. Coca-Cola grow from its humble roots as a home-brewed Georgia-based patent medicine to be the international soft drink powerhouse today. Coca-Cola used many technologies to achieve its rise to the top of the soft drink industry, defining new technologies and establishing paradigms that popped the status quo like a cap from a soda bottle. Through technology, Coca-Cola perfected Coke as a beverage and spread it throughout the world. Even today, the US soft drink industry is organized on this principle. â€Å"The Coca-Cola Company† is now the largest soft drink company in the world with products that include Coca- Cola, Diet Coke, Sprite, and Fanta etc.. It is employing about 71,000 people worldwide in over 200 countries. Coke produces about 400 brands consisting of over 2. 600 beverage products, such as water, juice and juice drinks, sports drinks, energy drinks, teas, and coffees. Coke products are distributed though restaurants, grocery market, street vendors, and others, all of which sell to the end users: consumers, who consume in excess of 1. 4 billion servings daily. Company Background The Coca-Cola Company is now the largest soft drink company in the world. Coca- Cola became the largest manufacturer, distributor, and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups which operate in more than 200 countries. Coca- Cola was invented on May 1886 by Dr. John Stith Pemberton in Jacob’s Pharmacy in Atlanta, Georgia. The name Coca-Cola was suggested by Pemberton’s book-keeper, Frank Robinson. He penned the name Coca-Cola in the flowing script that is famous today. Vision Mission Coca-Cola has been marketed with catching marketing themes such as â€Å"Drink Coca- Cola† and â€Å"Delicious and Refreshing†. After years of globalization and brand building, Coca-Cola proudly pronounces its Mission Statement â€Å"The Coca-Cola Company exists to benefit and refresh everyone who is touched by our business†. And their goals: The basic proposition of our business is simple, solid and timeless. When we bring refreshment, value, joy and fun to our stakeholders, then we successfully nurture and protect our brands, particularly Coca-Cola. That is the key to fulfilling our ultimate obligation to provide consistently attractive returns to the owners of our business. Indeed, it was! Coca-cola’s mission â€Å"our people and our promise† mainly focuses in Coca-Cola world is to celebrate, refresh, strengthen and protect. Coca-Cola feels that they should offer a soft-drink to the entire global community, which is environmentally safe and accepted. The company’s mission is directed towards its soft drink business and the strategy management changes that will be forthcoming. Coca-Cola appeals to the long term interests of stakeholders particularly shareowners, employees and customers. This helps to support the local populations by offering job opportunities, and it also helps out the local and global economies in which the employees live. Woodruff’s vision that coca-cola to be placed within â€Å"arm’s reach of desire† came true from the mid 1940s until 1960, the number of countries with bottling operations nearly doubled. It is so feasible that the company can reasonably expect to achieve in due time. Coca-Cola strives to find new innovations to better its products and to stay a step ahead of its competitors as what is mentioned in the mission â€Å"the action we will take†. This is a key element in the company’s drive to be number one in the industry. Also it is constantly looking for improvements in everything that it does, both in the production and the manner in which the company is run daily. Goals â€Å"That combination infuses all the elements of the strategy that we are implementing to deliver value to our share owners in the year to come, and well into the future: a) Accelerate carbonated soft-drink growth, led by Coca-Cola; b) Selectively broaden our family of beverage brands to drive profitable growth; c) Grow system profitability and capability together with our bottling partners; ) Serve customers with creativity and consistency to generate growth across all channels; e) Direct investments to highest potential areas across markets; and f) Drive efficiency and cost-effectiveness everywhere. † The Competitive Advantage of Coca-Cola Brands The company’s sharp focus on its business also gives it a cost advantage. Although Coke earned less than five cents per 8oz serving last year, it did manage to sell about 380 billion servings! That kind of volume has advantages. The Coca-Cola Company has invested in building its trademark for over 113 years. Consumers worldwide recognize the Coca-Cola trademark and icons as symbols of quality and refreshment. Because Coca-Cola is the â€Å"ideal† soft drink that sets the benchmark for consumers’ expectations, businesses that display and associate with the trademark immediately signal that they are committed to serving the most preferred soft drinks in the industry. You read "Coca-Cola Management Strategy" in category "Management" The advantages of coca cola in adopting globalization trends are first of all with the economic scale that is bigger (talking about the whole entire world instead of one country, as mass marketing) it help coca cola to actually reduce the cost of producing adjusting to the country where the product is manufactured and price (cutting the cost of transportation, export and import cost as well as tax). It also helps coca cola to gain competitive advantages of a high quality product. The localize system or management help the company to expand the loca l network with the value creation functions and also established in low cost markets, instead of the country of origins. They also can have a tight bound of long term contract with the low cost supplier in each country. Five Forces Analysis Today, soft drink industry is a very competitive industry to be in. Porter’s five forces model shows us that there is already a strong barrier to entry established by the traditional concentrate producers such as Coca-Cola, suppliers’ bargaining power is strong, buyers’ power is weak, substitutes for beverage products are easy to produce, and the intensity of rivalry is strong since the industry is already facing a slow growth and high industry concentration. †¢ Suppliers’ Bargaining Power Suppliers’ bargaining power in this beverage industry is strong. For example, the soft drink ingredient producer – NutraSweet who specializes in producing concentrate sweeteners. Since there is a rising concern in health and safety issues in the soft drink drinking within the consumer market, the healthier sweetener, aspartame, that NutraSweet markets allowed it to have a high impact and input on costs of each bottler’s product costs. Since NutraSweet was the only marketer that marketed the standard aspartame the costs of using NutraSweet’s aspartame is relatively high compare to other substitutes such as sugar. Buyers’ Bargaining Power The Buyers of the soft drink industry are the concentrate bottlers. Bottlers of the soft drink industry have a low bargaining power since they form the largest base (the greatest number) of all the elements of Porter’s five forces. Most of the bottlers are Coca-Cola owned before 1980, and almost all of them are under some sort of contractual agreement stating that bottlers must ac commodate the programs set up by the concentrate producers’ for the products that they have franchised. High fees are required of the bottlers re such as high start-up costs ranging from $100,000 to several million dollars, paying for two-third of promotional costs, while costs were typically split fifty/fifty for doing consumer promotion and trade. It is also hard for bottlers to identify their own brand identity since their products are made of concentrates and the names that they use are the names of the concentrate manufacturer . Coca-Cola, hence discouraging their own product differentiation. †¢ Rivalry Among Competing Sellers There is a strong barrier setup by the traditional concentrate producers. For new rivalry to enter into the market is extremely difficult since the two soft drink giants such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola have already created a soft drink tradition and branding. Also since the soft drink giants have already created their bottler network and also owned majority of them, it is even harder for new entrants to be gain an absolute cost and competitive advantage. Governmental policies also create obstacles to the new entrants in the cola industry since the word â€Å"Coke† is strictly mean Coca-cola. Current rivalry within the soft drink industry is mainly evolved around the two giants who are Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. The two giants owned most of the spacing for the vending machines, developed most the flavors for the popular products within the market, and occupied most of the soft drink market shares within the industry. They are able to utilize and plane well ahead of other smaller companies within the industry. Other smaller firms are mainly there for competition between the two firms. One example would be PepsiCo’s purchase of Seven-Up’s to expand its product line. Once Coca-Cola is aware of PepsiCo’s expansion, readily they are also willing to purchase Dr Pepper. However since the buyout of Seven-Up’s domestic operations was blocked by the Federal Trade, Coca- Cola also dropped its pursuit on Dr Pepper. In the current soft drink industry, there is a constant battle between Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. †¢ Substitute Products Threats of substitutes are high since soft drink industry is a highly unstable industry. Switching costs for the consumers are extremely low since the pricing of soft drinks is cheap and consumer’s taste is ever changing. There is no tradeoff for the consumers to switch to other products so it is easy for consumers to change their loyalties. One example would be the Pepsi Challenge rose by PepsiCo over the states. The challenged had blinded people over the states tasted different brands of soft drinks and found out that majority of them liked Pepsi over Coke, thus PepsiCo’s Pepsi-Cola was able to gain market share and attracted a larger market share. †¢ Potential New Entrants The soft drink industry is an extremely difficult industry to get into. The existing soft drink industry is already dominated by experienced dominant players with over century-long experience, new entrants would have to be truly unique to be able to gain an absolute competitive advantage within this industry. If their products are unique, they would not have to worry about the fear of product substitution. Once the new entrants have gained an absolute advantage within the industry, they would have to deal with the suppliers who may have a strong bargaining power over pricing on the ingredients they need. Apart from that, they would need buyers, which are bottlers in this case. Once they have a base of bottlers with them, then only they have a chance of success in this industry. Intensity of the Competitive Forces Coca-Cola created a very strong barrier to entry for its competitors. New entry into the market is extremely difficult. The two soft drink giants, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo controlled the whole market. In addition, Coca-Cola has already created its bottler network and also owned majority of them, it is even harder for new entrants to gain an absolute cost and competitive advantage. The threats of substitutes are high since soft drink industry is a highly unstable industry. Switching costs for the consumers are extremely low and there is no trade-off for the consumers to switch to other products so it is easy for consumers to change their loyalties. Generic Business Strategy In order to gain competitive edge in the consumer market, other than responding quickly to the external forces and its internal environment, Coca-cola also looks into its position within the industry. The generic competitive strategies pursued by Coca-Cola are: Low Cost Strategy Broad Differentiation Strategy Coca-Cola is seen to have employed these two competitive strategies: Focused Low Cost and Broad Differentiation. The company has chosen to serve the consumer drink market and achieved cost savings by means of: ) Achieving economies of scale in the mass production of all Coca-Cola products lowers its unit cost. ii) Long learning, knowledge and experience in production and process, as the company existed more than a century. iii) Efficiency and effectiveness in manufacturing and distribution network. iv) Sharing of research and development, advertising and promotions cost among the brands carried by Coca-Cola has enabled to achieve economies of scope. Co ca-Cola uses Broad Differentiation strategy on the basis of: i) Offering of wide range of its drink products . round 230 brands are currently being offered in the global market. ii) High brand image and recognition have resulted in superior product perception among consumers. iii) Packaging and bottling . The use of contoured shape bottle and the slim curly font have made Coca-Cola an easily recognized symbol. Conclusion Nowadays, Coca-Cola is not just a brand. It’s already a part of people’s life. It leads carbonated soft-drink industry growth. The company is monopolize the beverage market over a century. However, People are becoming increasingly health conscious, this has led to a decrease in the consumption of soft drink. It is the big challenge for coca-cola company in the future. References 1. ^ â€Å"Board of Directors Elects Muhtar Kent Chairman†. The Coca-Cola Company. April 23, 2009. http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/presscenter/nr_20090423_muhtar_kent. html. Retrieved 2009-05-02. 2. ^ Coca-Cola Products: New Coca-Cola Products, Brands of Beverages More 3. ^ â€Å"2009 Form 10-K Annual Report†. Form 10-K. The Coca-Cola Company. 2009. http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/investors/form_10K_2008. html. Retrieved 2009-08-31. 4. Cola Wars : Five Forces  Analysis October 18, 2007 How to cite Coca-Cola Management Strategy, Essays

Coca-Cola Management Strategy Free Essays

string(113) " trademark immediately signal that they are committed to serving the most preferred soft drinks in the industry\." Assessment 1 Case Study Report of Coca Cola Company Hang LU S81293 Executive Summary The Coca-Cola Company (NYSE:  KO) is the world’s largest beverage company, largest manufacturer, distributor and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups in the world and is one of the largest corporations in the United States. The company is best known for its flagship product Coca-Cola, invented by pharmacist John Stith Pemberton in 1886. The Coca-Cola formula and brand was bought in 1889 by Asa Candler who incorporated The Coca-Cola Company in 1892. We will write a custom essay sample on Coca-Cola Management Strategy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Besides its namesake Coca-Cola beverage, Coca-Cola currently offers nearly 400 brands in over 200 countries or territories and serves 1. 6 billion servings each day. [4] The company operates a franchised distribution system dating from 1889 where The Coca-Cola Company only produces syrup concentrate which is then sold to various bottlers throughout the world who hold an exclusive territory. The Coca-Cola Company is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Its stock is listed on the NYSE and is part of DJIA and S 500. Its current chairman and CEO is Muhtar Kent. CONTENTS Introduction Company Background Mission and Vision Goals The Competitive Advantage of Coca-Cola Brands Five Forces Analysis Intensity of the Competitive Forces Generic Business Strategy Conclusion Introduction Coca-Cola has sold more than one billion servings every day. More than 10,450 beverages are consumed every second. It is present on all seven continents and is recognized by 94% of the world population. Coca-Cola grow from its humble roots as a home-brewed Georgia-based patent medicine to be the international soft drink powerhouse today. Coca-Cola used many technologies to achieve its rise to the top of the soft drink industry, defining new technologies and establishing paradigms that popped the status quo like a cap from a soda bottle. Through technology, Coca-Cola perfected Coke as a beverage and spread it throughout the world. Even today, the US soft drink industry is organized on this principle. â€Å"The Coca-Cola Company† is now the largest soft drink company in the world with products that include Coca- Cola, Diet Coke, Sprite, and Fanta etc.. It is employing about 71,000 people worldwide in over 200 countries. Coke produces about 400 brands consisting of over 2. 600 beverage products, such as water, juice and juice drinks, sports drinks, energy drinks, teas, and coffees. Coke products are distributed though restaurants, grocery market, street vendors, and others, all of which sell to the end users: consumers, who consume in excess of 1. 4 billion servings daily. Company Background The Coca-Cola Company is now the largest soft drink company in the world. Coca- Cola became the largest manufacturer, distributor, and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups which operate in more than 200 countries. Coca- Cola was invented on May 1886 by Dr. John Stith Pemberton in Jacob’s Pharmacy in Atlanta, Georgia. The name Coca-Cola was suggested by Pemberton’s book-keeper, Frank Robinson. He penned the name Coca-Cola in the flowing script that is famous today. Vision Mission Coca-Cola has been marketed with catching marketing themes such as â€Å"Drink Coca- Cola† and â€Å"Delicious and Refreshing†. After years of globalization and brand building, Coca-Cola proudly pronounces its Mission Statement â€Å"The Coca-Cola Company exists to benefit and refresh everyone who is touched by our business†. And their goals: The basic proposition of our business is simple, solid and timeless. When we bring refreshment, value, joy and fun to our stakeholders, then we successfully nurture and protect our brands, particularly Coca-Cola. That is the key to fulfilling our ultimate obligation to provide consistently attractive returns to the owners of our business. Indeed, it was! Coca-cola’s mission â€Å"our people and our promise† mainly focuses in Coca-Cola world is to celebrate, refresh, strengthen and protect. Coca-Cola feels that they should offer a soft-drink to the entire global community, which is environmentally safe and accepted. The company’s mission is directed towards its soft drink business and the strategy management changes that will be forthcoming. Coca-Cola appeals to the long term interests of stakeholders particularly shareowners, employees and customers. This helps to support the local populations by offering job opportunities, and it also helps out the local and global economies in which the employees live. Woodruff’s vision that coca-cola to be placed within â€Å"arm’s reach of desire† came true from the mid 1940s until 1960, the number of countries with bottling operations nearly doubled. It is so feasible that the company can reasonably expect to achieve in due time. Coca-Cola strives to find new innovations to better its products and to stay a step ahead of its competitors as what is mentioned in the mission â€Å"the action we will take†. This is a key element in the company’s drive to be number one in the industry. Also it is constantly looking for improvements in everything that it does, both in the production and the manner in which the company is run daily. Goals â€Å"That combination infuses all the elements of the strategy that we are implementing to deliver value to our share owners in the year to come, and well into the future: a) Accelerate carbonated soft-drink growth, led by Coca-Cola; b) Selectively broaden our family of beverage brands to drive profitable growth; c) Grow system profitability and capability together with our bottling partners; ) Serve customers with creativity and consistency to generate growth across all channels; e) Direct investments to highest potential areas across markets; and f) Drive efficiency and cost-effectiveness everywhere. † The Competitive Advantage of Coca-Cola Brands The company’s sharp focus on its business also gives it a cost advantage. Although Coke earned less than five cents per 8oz serving last year, it did manage to sell about 380 billion servings! That kind of volume has advantages. The Coca-Cola Company has invested in building its trademark for over 113 years. Consumers worldwide recognize the Coca-Cola trademark and icons as symbols of quality and refreshment. Because Coca-Cola is the â€Å"ideal† soft drink that sets the benchmark for consumers’ expectations, businesses that display and associate with the trademark immediately signal that they are committed to serving the most preferred soft drinks in the industry. You read "Coca-Cola Management Strategy" in category "Management" The advantages of coca cola in adopting globalization trends are first of all with the economic scale that is bigger (talking about the whole entire world instead of one country, as mass marketing) it help coca cola to actually reduce the cost of producing adjusting to the country where the product is manufactured and price (cutting the cost of transportation, export and import cost as well as tax). It also helps coca cola to gain competitive advantages of a high quality product. The localize system or management help the company to expand the loca l network with the value creation functions and also established in low cost markets, instead of the country of origins. They also can have a tight bound of long term contract with the low cost supplier in each country. Five Forces Analysis Today, soft drink industry is a very competitive industry to be in. Porter’s five forces model shows us that there is already a strong barrier to entry established by the traditional concentrate producers such as Coca-Cola, suppliers’ bargaining power is strong, buyers’ power is weak, substitutes for beverage products are easy to produce, and the intensity of rivalry is strong since the industry is already facing a slow growth and high industry concentration. †¢ Suppliers’ Bargaining Power Suppliers’ bargaining power in this beverage industry is strong. For example, the soft drink ingredient producer – NutraSweet who specializes in producing concentrate sweeteners. Since there is a rising concern in health and safety issues in the soft drink drinking within the consumer market, the healthier sweetener, aspartame, that NutraSweet markets allowed it to have a high impact and input on costs of each bottler’s product costs. Since NutraSweet was the only marketer that marketed the standard aspartame the costs of using NutraSweet’s aspartame is relatively high compare to other substitutes such as sugar. Buyers’ Bargaining Power The Buyers of the soft drink industry are the concentrate bottlers. Bottlers of the soft drink industry have a low bargaining power since they form the largest base (the greatest number) of all the elements of Porter’s five forces. Most of the bottlers are Coca-Cola owned before 1980, and almost all of them are under some sort of contractual agreement stating that bottlers must ac commodate the programs set up by the concentrate producers’ for the products that they have franchised. High fees are required of the bottlers re such as high start-up costs ranging from $100,000 to several million dollars, paying for two-third of promotional costs, while costs were typically split fifty/fifty for doing consumer promotion and trade. It is also hard for bottlers to identify their own brand identity since their products are made of concentrates and the names that they use are the names of the concentrate manufacturer . Coca-Cola, hence discouraging their own product differentiation. †¢ Rivalry Among Competing Sellers There is a strong barrier setup by the traditional concentrate producers. For new rivalry to enter into the market is extremely difficult since the two soft drink giants such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola have already created a soft drink tradition and branding. Also since the soft drink giants have already created their bottler network and also owned majority of them, it is even harder for new entrants to be gain an absolute cost and competitive advantage. Governmental policies also create obstacles to the new entrants in the cola industry since the word â€Å"Coke† is strictly mean Coca-cola. Current rivalry within the soft drink industry is mainly evolved around the two giants who are Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. The two giants owned most of the spacing for the vending machines, developed most the flavors for the popular products within the market, and occupied most of the soft drink market shares within the industry. They are able to utilize and plane well ahead of other smaller companies within the industry. Other smaller firms are mainly there for competition between the two firms. One example would be PepsiCo’s purchase of Seven-Up’s to expand its product line. Once Coca-Cola is aware of PepsiCo’s expansion, readily they are also willing to purchase Dr Pepper. However since the buyout of Seven-Up’s domestic operations was blocked by the Federal Trade, Coca- Cola also dropped its pursuit on Dr Pepper. In the current soft drink industry, there is a constant battle between Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. †¢ Substitute Products Threats of substitutes are high since soft drink industry is a highly unstable industry. Switching costs for the consumers are extremely low since the pricing of soft drinks is cheap and consumer’s taste is ever changing. There is no tradeoff for the consumers to switch to other products so it is easy for consumers to change their loyalties. One example would be the Pepsi Challenge rose by PepsiCo over the states. The challenged had blinded people over the states tasted different brands of soft drinks and found out that majority of them liked Pepsi over Coke, thus PepsiCo’s Pepsi-Cola was able to gain market share and attracted a larger market share. †¢ Potential New Entrants The soft drink industry is an extremely difficult industry to get into. The existing soft drink industry is already dominated by experienced dominant players with over century-long experience, new entrants would have to be truly unique to be able to gain an absolute competitive advantage within this industry. If their products are unique, they would not have to worry about the fear of product substitution. Once the new entrants have gained an absolute advantage within the industry, they would have to deal with the suppliers who may have a strong bargaining power over pricing on the ingredients they need. Apart from that, they would need buyers, which are bottlers in this case. Once they have a base of bottlers with them, then only they have a chance of success in this industry. Intensity of the Competitive Forces Coca-Cola created a very strong barrier to entry for its competitors. New entry into the market is extremely difficult. The two soft drink giants, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo controlled the whole market. In addition, Coca-Cola has already created its bottler network and also owned majority of them, it is even harder for new entrants to gain an absolute cost and competitive advantage. The threats of substitutes are high since soft drink industry is a highly unstable industry. Switching costs for the consumers are extremely low and there is no trade-off for the consumers to switch to other products so it is easy for consumers to change their loyalties. Generic Business Strategy In order to gain competitive edge in the consumer market, other than responding quickly to the external forces and its internal environment, Coca-cola also looks into its position within the industry. The generic competitive strategies pursued by Coca-Cola are: Low Cost Strategy Broad Differentiation Strategy Coca-Cola is seen to have employed these two competitive strategies: Focused Low Cost and Broad Differentiation. The company has chosen to serve the consumer drink market and achieved cost savings by means of: ) Achieving economies of scale in the mass production of all Coca-Cola products lowers its unit cost. ii) Long learning, knowledge and experience in production and process, as the company existed more than a century. iii) Efficiency and effectiveness in manufacturing and distribution network. iv) Sharing of research and development, advertising and promotions cost among the brands carried by Coca-Cola has enabled to achieve economies of scope. Co ca-Cola uses Broad Differentiation strategy on the basis of: i) Offering of wide range of its drink products . round 230 brands are currently being offered in the global market. ii) High brand image and recognition have resulted in superior product perception among consumers. iii) Packaging and bottling . The use of contoured shape bottle and the slim curly font have made Coca-Cola an easily recognized symbol. Conclusion Nowadays, Coca-Cola is not just a brand. It’s already a part of people’s life. It leads carbonated soft-drink industry growth. The company is monopolize the beverage market over a century. However, People are becoming increasingly health conscious, this has led to a decrease in the consumption of soft drink. It is the big challenge for coca-cola company in the future. References 1. ^ â€Å"Board of Directors Elects Muhtar Kent Chairman†. The Coca-Cola Company. April 23, 2009. http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/presscenter/nr_20090423_muhtar_kent. html. Retrieved 2009-05-02. 2. ^ Coca-Cola Products: New Coca-Cola Products, Brands of Beverages More 3. ^ â€Å"2009 Form 10-K Annual Report†. Form 10-K. The Coca-Cola Company. 2009. http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/investors/form_10K_2008. html. Retrieved 2009-08-31. 4. Cola Wars : Five Forces  Analysis October 18, 2007 How to cite Coca-Cola Management Strategy, Essays

Effectiveness of Transport Management Aspects

Question: Discuss about the Effectiveness of Transport Management Aspects. Answer: Introduction Transport management is constrained between different aspects that need to be managed properly to ensure that there are effective operations. In a company, the transport manager is responsible for different tasks that cover transport and logistics sector. One of the main responsibilities is to negotiate with customers on the terms and conditions of delivering the products. In these case, the Incoterms to be selected is agreed upon at the benefit of the business-customer relationship. Therefore, this paper will discuss the effectiveness and efficiency of the transport management aspects in Sony Company. The Incoterms selection, carrier selection, and carrier relationship management will be considered in this paper. Sony is a company that focuses on the production of various electronics for personal, home, and commercial use. Sony is among the leading producers of electronics in the world, thus dominating the professional and consumer markets. Sony Group focuses on different investments such as professional gaming, electronics, entertainment and financial services. It has been ranked the fourth world television manufacturer after Samsung, LG and TCL indicating that it delivers most of its products to different parts of the globe. Due to its diversity, it has developed different outlets and branches in various countries across the world to cover the markets effectively. Through its business strategies, it has reached more customers effectively to the end users by delivering quality products. Despite being a large producer of TVs and video games, it also is known for its audio devices productions such as home theaters and car systems (Sony, 2016). Also, it has ventured into mobile production sector, and Sony Xperia has been the most famous gadget that has been produced. Therefore, Sony Xperia smartphones have been competing with other gadgets from other companies such as Samsung, Apple, and LG in the marketplace (Cavusgil, K night, Riesenberger, 2012). The main objective of Sony Corporation is to produce and deliver quality products to the numerous customers around the world. Incoterms Selection Consideration The efficiency of transportation through the 3PLs is directly connected to the type of Incoterms selected by the company. Therefore, a manufacturing company or any other firm involving 3PLs should be considerate in determining the best Incoterms for the business. Some inconveniences might be caused by investing some incoterms like in cases when the importer has to undertake full responsibility for the carrier payment (Blanchard, 2010). Some people might delay payments thus affecting the trust between the company and the Third-party logistics company. The type of transactions between the importer and exporter determines the best incoterm(s) to be selected. In situations where it is a relationship between companies, an importer can be entrusted with full responsibility by paying on delivery. Learning the differences between the Incoterms will be important for both parties. The following is a figure showing the Incoterms. Figure: Incoterms diagram (Lundesjo, 2015) Sony manages its relations with the 3PLs by employing type C and D forms of Incoterms to ensure that there are inconveniences with the payments. It does not mean that incurs much cost in payments of the carrier cost, rather the prices of the products are standardized to cater for those expenses (Sony, 2016). In some situations, the company requests the customers to pay the products price together with the importation fees so that they can pay the carrier before they are delivered. Most importers of Sony products are an end-user individual who is importing for either personal or commercial use. Therefore, Sony includes the exportation fee in the price to ensure that the products are delivered effectively. Therefore, the carrier is objected to delivering the products and claiming the payments from the company and not the customers. Sony should be considerate of the type of Incoterms being selected to ensure that the customer trust and relationship is managed and at the same time the 3PLs feel comfortable. For instance, if Sony subsidizes the importation fee for the customers may raise the trust, thus boosting the relationships. Therefore, type E and F will be the best Incoterms to fit in Sony logistics. On the other side, the logistics company need efficient payment channel that does not require extended relationships. Due to this reason, Sony should stick to its chosen Incoterms to maintain the relationships with the customers and the 3PLs involved. The payment process should be done after delivery to ensure the safety of the products. Also, this will make the logistics company much keen about the transportation process. Therefore, after the confirmation of the cargos safety and wellness, the payment is then credited to the company (Chopra Meindl, 2007). Carrier Selection Criteria Sony Corporation has chosen two amongst the best Third-party logistics firms to undertake their external outsourcing. The 3PLs selected had to be eligible for the transportation of high-tech products, with great care to avoid demolitions that might lead to great losses. ModusLink Global Solutions and Penske Logistics are the companies working with Sony to ferry their production to different parts of the world (SupplyChainBrain, 2013). There are several factors that companies consider before selecting a 3PL company for their logistics. Therefore, the factors that led Sony to select ModusLink Global Solutions and Penske Logistics are discussed in the subtopics below: - Accessibility Sony is a global company, whose products are targeting markets in different parts of the world. Therefore, the transportation of the products has to be linked to a 3PL that has offices accessible to the main branches of the company and others in different continents. For instance, the manufacturing company for Sony in North America should access the logistics firm effectively. ModusLink Global Solutions is a logistics Company that is oriented to international business, and it has branches in various continents such as North America, Asia-Pacific, and Europe (ModusLink, 2016). Also, Penske Logistics has extended its business by opening offices in China and India, which are areas contributing to a significant percentage in Sonys markets (Penske, 2016). Capacity Penske Logistics is a company that has been focusing on providing services to General Motors, tier-one, and Daimler firms (Penske, 2016). This indicates that it has enough capacity to transport large cargo across the globe. Also, it has extended its logistics services to other companies such as Samsung and Emerson among others. Because of the large capacity of ModusLink Solutions observed for owning eight warehouses in the United States and five in Europe, two in Mexico and fifteen in Asia Pacific, Sony selected the Logistics firm to undertakes its outsourcing services (ModusLink, 2016). These 3PLs have enough capacity to serve Sonys logistical requirements. Transit Sony products have to be transported from the manufacturing companies of stores to their specific outlets. Since it is an international company, 3PLs involved must be having the capability to transport goods internationally. Based on the fact that ModusLink Global Solutions and Penske Logistics have warehouses in different continents, they are capable of transporting Sony products effectively to different places around the world. Reliability The companies selected have been reliable to their other customers by ensuring that the deliveries are made in time. Also, Sony checked the reliability of deliveries by evaluating the rate damages for their services based on the previous works. Therefore, it was discovered that Penske and ModusLink are reliable companies in the logistics sector. Due to their reliability, they were offered the job of working closely with Sony by undertaking the outsourcing activities. Safety The products manufactured by Sony are delicate and have to be transported by an individual who has the capability of carrying fragile materials. Also, the products are of high-value that needs to be kept in safety throughout the transportation process. ModusLink and Penske have been identified as a logistical company that has been transporting high-value cargo, thus being entrusted by producers of expensive products. Therefore, these companies are capable of transporting high-tech and high-value cargo without any doubt of delivery. Carrier Relationship Management Carrier relationship needs to be long lasting to enhance the businesses between the two companies. A more firm business relationship between the carrier and Sony Company will raise the trust between the two parties and renewal of the contracts can be extended or revalidated if the business is satisfied with the services. Companies that do not have firm or predictable relationships will not be willing to engage in the deep business transaction because there is not security and assurance. The logistics cost to be expected from a new company should be benchmarked with previous companies to avoid losses. Also, the services provided should be of higher quality to ensure that the company is achieving its developmental strategies (Rushton Walker, 2007). Relationship Chosen by Sony: Partnership Type II The type of outsourcing relationship that was considered by Sony is the partnership type II for their logistical business transactions. There are several advantages why type II relationship was chosen by Sony to maintain the 3PLs. for instance, Type I is characterized by short-term contractual relationships, which will be between the third-party logistics firms and Sony thus making the business relationships ineffective. (Wood, Barone, Murphy, Wardlow, 2012). Reliable business relationships need to be long-term to raise the level of trust between the parties. Therefore, an agreement made will be profitable to both businesses because they will run for a longer term that benefits Sony and the Logistics firms such as Penske (Monczka, 2010). Sony Corporation will be more advantaged in signing a contract with 3PLs by embracing type II partnership that is characterized by long-term contractual business relationships. In such cases, the company is secure to conduct extended business activities, thus having the assurance of their completion within the perceived period. The company can also invest in such relationships and expect to acquire a payback a time before the contract expires. Several transport services are offered in long-term contracts such as vendor certification programs, dedicated freight lanes, guaranteed annual volumes and incentives for cost reduction. Just because the parties will be involved in a business relationship for a longer time, the carrier can offer cost cuts for the services offered within their period of offering services (Monczka, 2010). Recommendations The Sony Corporation is supposed to undertake analysis towards the best-fitted form of 3PL relationships to be employed. It is not a must to create similar relationships on all the 3PLs involved in the outsourcing activities. Rather, cost analysis can be undertaken to evaluate which of the relationships will be cheap and effective and the desired length of the transactions. Therefore, all the decisions made pertaining the 3PL relationships should be for the benefit of Sony Corporation. Conclusion In conclusion, the effectiveness of transport management strategy is determined by the decisions made by the logistics manager in the company. The methods of delivering the products to the customers can be profitable depending their efficiency and reliability. Sony Company needs to hire a carrier that is competitive and reliable. The reliability of transport and logistics services will highly depend on the type of relationship perceived between the parties. The most effective partnership is having a long-term contractual relationship, which builds up trust on conducting business activities. The company should always have a contingency plan to cater for the cases of inconveniences and misfortunes with the carrier firm. Therefore, the business operations will be undertaken in a balanced and secure ground. References Blanchard, D. (2010). Supply chain management best practices. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Bowersox, D., Closs, D., Cooper, M. (2007). Supply chain logistics management. Boston, Mass.: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Cavusgil, S., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J. (2012). International business. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall/Pearson. Chopra, S. Meindl, P. (2007). Supply chain management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Lundesjo, G. (2015). Supply chain management and logistics. Kogan Page. ModusLink, (2016). Supply Chain Logistics Solutions - ModusLink Global Solutions. Retrieved 5 August 2016, from https://www.moduslink.com/ Monczka, R. (2010). Purchasing supply chain management. Andover, Hants. South-Western/Cengage Learning. Penske, (2016). Penske Logistics - A Leader in Logistics Services. Penskelogistics.com. Retrieved 5 August 2016, from https://www.penskelogistics.com Perret, F. (2007). The essentials of logistics and management. Lausanne: EPFL Press. Piltz, B. (2011). Incoterms 2010. Internationales Handelsrecht, 11(1), 1-7. https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ihr.2011.11.1.1 Rushton, A. Walker, S. (2007). International logistics and supply chain outsourcing. London: Kogan Page. Sony, (2016). Sony USA - Electronics, PlayStation, Movies, Music, Product Support. Sony.com. Retrieved 3 August 2016, from https://www.sony.com/ Special Topic Forum on Supply Chain Management in Emerging Markets: Critical Research Issues. (2013). J Supply Chain Manag, 49(1), 116-116. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jscm.12017 Stadtler, H. Kilger, C. (2005). Supply chain management and advanced planning. Berlin: Springer. Sudalaimuthu, S. Raj, A. (2009). Logistics and management for international business. New Dehli: Prentice Hall of India. SupplyChainBrain, (2013). North America's 50 Most Successful 3PLs. Supplychainbrain.com. Retrieved 5 August 2016, from https://www.supplychainbrain.com/content/logisticstransportation/reverse-logistics/single-article-page/article/north-americas-50-most-successful-3pls/ Taderera, F. (2010). Principles and practice of international logistics. SaarbruÃÅ'ˆcken: LAP LAMBERT Academic Pub. Wang, X. (2015). Operational Transportation Planning of Modern Freight Forwarding Companies. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. Waters, C. (2007). Global logistics. London: Kogan Page Ltd. Wood, D., Barone, A., Murphy, P., Wardlow, D. (2012). International Logistics (5th Ed.). Boston, MA: Springer US.